Reduced prevalence of micronutrient deficiencies

By 2030, the Government of Botswana commits to reduce the prevalence of micronutrient deficiencies among the vulnerable groups such as iron deficiency in women of reproductive age from 32.5% to 15% and vitamin A deficiency in children from 8.7% to less than 5% by scaling up for food fortifications initiatives / interventions.

** The last micronutrient study done in Botswana was in 1994 ( the Botswana Micronutrient Malnutrition Survey 1994)** this indicates a significant absence of research conducted to assess the prevalence and severity of micronutrient deficiencies in the country, meaning there is limited data on how many people are not getting enough essential vitamins and minerals like iron, vitamin A, iodine, or zinc, which can have negative impacts on health and development.

The commitment aligns with the GNR's emphasis on: 1. addressing micronutrient deficiencies as a critical component of malnutrition; 2. scaling up evidence-based interventions, such as food fortification; and 3. promoting multi-stakeholder collaboration and sustainable funding mechanisms.

Primary Indicator 1: Reduction in the prevalence of micronutrient deficiencies.

- KPI: Reduce micronutrient deficiencies in women of reproductive age from 32.5% to 15% and vitamin A deficiency in children from 8.7% to less than 5% by 2030.

Indicator 2: Coverage of fortified staple foods.

- KPI: Ensure 90% of staple foods (flour, oil, salt) are fortified with essential micronutrients by 2025.

Indicator 3: Capacity building for health workers and food producers.

- KPI: Train 500 health workers and food producers on fortification and compliance monitoring by 2026.

Indicator 4: Enforcement of food fortification regulations.

- KPI: Develop and enforce food fortification regulations by 2030, with 80% compliance by 2030.

Consequences of micronutrient deficiencies can lead to a range of health problems including anemia, impaired cognitive development, weakened immune system, and increased risk of pregnancy complications. In addition, farm production diversity impacts daily energy and micronutrients available to households positively, hence those that are subsequently consumed.